Unit 205 Schools as organisations free essay sample

State schools are run by the local authority, children can start school from the age of 4 years to 17 years old, those schools are free they are funded by the local authority and taxes. There are four types of state schools which are funded by the local authorities : Community schools Foundations and Trust schools Voluntary schools Specialist schools Independent schools Academies Free schools Each key stage consist on a range of school Years, there are many within the key stage Early years foundation stage covers the age of 3 to 5which its call Reception, Key stage 1 applies to children of the age 5 to 7 years which are year 1 to 2, Key stage 2 applies from the age of 7 to 11 which are years 3 to 6, Key stage 3 applies to age of 11 to 14 which are years 7 to 9, Key stage 4 applies to age of 14 to 17 which are years 10 to 12. Nursery schools are for children of age 3 and 4, Primary schools cater for children of age 4 to 11, Secondary schools cater for children age 11 to 17 which will be change in 2014 at the age of 18years old. We will write a custom essay sample on Unit 205 Schools as organisations or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Nurseries and Nursery Classes provide early learning and child care for young children age 3 to 4 years, Nurseries have normally their own head teacher and staff where Nursery Classes are attached to the primary school and they have the some head teacher and staff as the school. Community schools are run by the local authority which employs school staff owns the land and buildings, and sets the entrance criteria, pupils have to follow the national curriculum. On those schools normally we can also find the facilities for adult education and childcare, within the Community schools they have Primary and Secondary schools. Foundation schools are run by a governing body which employs the staff and sets the entrance criteria, the governing owns the land and buildings or sometimes could also be a charitable foundation. Trust schools are very similar but run together with an outside body business or charity. They are required to teach the national curriculum those schools are both Primary and Secondary schools. Voluntary schools; there are 2 types of voluntary schools: Aided schools are mainly religious or faith schools, the governing body employs the staff and sets the entrance criteria. School buildings and the land are usually owned by a charity which quiet often it’s a church, those are Primary and Secondary schools. Controlled schools are similar to voluntary aided school, the school is funded by the local education authority, they provide support services, and pupils have to follow the national curriculum. The land and buildings are owned by a charity. Controlled schools are mainly Secondary schools. Specialist schools are often secondary schools those schools normally aim to extend opportunities available to pupils to help them with their needs and interest like: Arts, business and enterprise, humanities languages, music, sports and technology. The schools are funded by the local authority and those are Secondary schools. Independent schools don’t have to follow the national curriculum and the admissions policy is determined by the head teacher along with the governing body, those schools are not maintained by the local authority and are independent of their finances the governing body is responsible for the day to day running of the school and the school is funded by fees paid by parents and also sometimes by charitable trust funds. The head teacher with the help of the governing body employs the staff. Independent schools are both Primary and Secondary schools. Academies are independently- managed schools, they have more freedom from local authority control the ability to set their own pay and conditions for the staff, freedom how to deliver the curriculum and they can also change the lengths of terms and the school days. Academies schools are direct funded by the Department for Education but they are independent from local government, the governing body employs the staff, they are required t o have at least two parent governors. Within Academies we can find Primary and Secondary schools. Free schools are normally a new school which is set up due to the local response what local people say in order to improve education for the children in the community, teachers, charities, community groups and a group of parents help the procedure, they are state funded schools, all admissions must be fair schools are expected to be open to children of all abilities for the area. Free schools are both Primary and Secondary schools. The school governors must have a chair and a vice-chair and there should be at least one parent governor, one staff governor and the head teacher. There are many different types of governors, authority, foundation, partnership and sponsor governors. Their responsibilities are to set targets for pupil achievements, managing the school finances, reviewing staff performance and pay. The school senior management team works very close with the head teacher, normally its made up of more experience staff within the management positions, they meet at least once a week or sometimes on more regular, they discuss how information is given to teachers and support staff, make decisions concerning the running of the school. Every primary school will have a Senco (Special Educational Needs Coordinator) they are responsible for overseeing that policy is in place and follow on the daily basis working together with the teachers, advising and helping when necessary to make sure that all records are correctly and in place. Ensuring that relevant background information about individuals with special needs is available recorded and updated. They also help with internal training for other staff like teachers and support teachers, to communicate and consult with parents. Foundation stage manager are responsible for Nursery and Reception been run properly as per requirements of the statutory, they have to make sure all training, observations and assessments are correctly in place and recorded and up to date. To make sure that all staff are trained as per requirements. Teachers role is to plan, prepare and deliver lessons to access record and report on the development and progress to communicate and consult with parents. Teachers responsibilities are to help pupils improve their education for the future, to identify emotional, intellectual, physical issues, to present a caring but professional approach to the children. To show respect and teach them to respect others. Teachers have normally another area of responsibility in the school e.g. a subject area which the teacher will be responsible to represent. Support staff provides a service to the whole school from the day to day office support to financial and business management. The following are some of the positions of the support staff: Learning support staff they work with the teachers in the classroom helping pupils with their progress in learning Administrative staff those provide backup services for the whole school Welfare and pupil support are responsible for the welfare of pupils outside the classroom at the break, lunchtime. Specialist and technical staff they are available in schools Site staff those include caretakers, cleaners, caterers and site managers, they ensure a clean, safe, tidy school environment and they provide meals at lunch time. Learning mentors and parent support reading and helping pupils. There are various range of external professionals which works close with the schools on a regular basis, the following are some of the positions available: Educational psychologist Specialist teachers Education welfare officer School improvement partner Physiotherapist Educational psychologist-most schools will have one person allocated to the school through SEO (special educational needs department) they work direct with children which includes assessing their learning and sometimes emotional needs by using various methods such as interviews and observations. Interventions are then put into place to develop the child which is experience problems. Specialist Teachers- are qualified teachers that work with children with speech, language and communication difficulties such as autism, they go to the schools to help and support children with various needs, they identify suitable resources and materials, monitor the progress of the children. They support therapy programmes if necessary, w orking together with the speech and language therapist and teachers at the school. Speech and language therapist- They work with parents to identify if a child has speech, language difficulties, communication and eating issues, they will assess any problems that children may have or can impact at the school, they will then decide how can the child be helped how to reach their full communication potential. They work closely with children, parents and the teachers accordingly to the national and local priorities. Education welfare officer works with schools children and families to resolve any issues of poor attendance. Their role is to meet with the Head Teacher, school staff, pupils and parents to identify issues and solve them when possible. To advise parents about their legal responsibilities and to help them tom receive any benefits they might be entitle to. They will also make home visits where required and help arranging alternative education for children who are excluded from the schools. School Improvement Partner will visit the school to advise and support the Head Teacher a SIP (school improvement partner) will have previous experience as Head teacher, local authority and education consultant. They focus on evaluations and support, arrange training and have a five day allocation within a year. Provide an objective review of the school’s performance, discuss the school’s targets and priorities for the coming year. They challenge the school where necessary and provide advice and guidance to the governing body. Physiotherapist/Occupational therapist- they are responsible for the planning, delivery and evaluation of various programmes and they also help to promote the child physical potential. There are many ways where this can be done, by assessment, group work and physical education. They also work close to other areas in the schools, they encourage teachers who have similar jobs in the schools to meet up and discuss their practice and ideas this helps teachers with similar expertise.

Free Essays on I See Things

I See Things Most people would probably be terrified of the things I’ve seen. In fact, if anyone were scared after watching The Six Sense they would not want to be in my shoes seven years ago. Although my experience wasn’t as illustrated as the movie, it came close. I was about ten years old when scary dreams started to occur. In these dreams were devil-like images that would do negative things to my family and I. I would constantly tell my parents about the dreams, but the dreams would always come back. It came to the point that I couldn’t sleep because I was afraid of what I might dream. As the years past I began to realize that for some strange reason the devil was trying to keep me afraid. Over coming bad dreams was nothing compared to what I would encounter at the age of twelve. I started to see images while I was awoke. All the fears that I just got over were starting to resurface. I remember when my family had come to visit from out of town. Everyone was having a good time playing cards on the dinning room table. I sat down in a fold down chair about eight feet away from the table just watching. While sitting there I looked up at the chandelier above the table and started to see streaks that came in the formation of a hall. For a brief moment every thing around me disappeared except the streaks. There were two hands coming slowly towards me like they were welcoming my presents. Then as quickly as they appeared they vanished. I thought it nothing but my imagination so I just forgot about it. Things like â€Å"the hands incident† kept reappearing in a consistent pattern for about three years. Until after the day I saw the last and most disturbing image of them all. The sun was getting ready to set and end a very beautiful day. I was standing outside with my father and his fellow pastor. As I watched the sunset, an image started to appear very clear. It looked like a man walking on the street about t... Free Essays on I See Things Free Essays on I See Things I See Things Most people would probably be terrified of the things I’ve seen. In fact, if anyone were scared after watching The Six Sense they would not want to be in my shoes seven years ago. Although my experience wasn’t as illustrated as the movie, it came close. I was about ten years old when scary dreams started to occur. In these dreams were devil-like images that would do negative things to my family and I. I would constantly tell my parents about the dreams, but the dreams would always come back. It came to the point that I couldn’t sleep because I was afraid of what I might dream. As the years past I began to realize that for some strange reason the devil was trying to keep me afraid. Over coming bad dreams was nothing compared to what I would encounter at the age of twelve. I started to see images while I was awoke. All the fears that I just got over were starting to resurface. I remember when my family had come to visit from out of town. Everyone was having a good time playing cards on the dinning room table. I sat down in a fold down chair about eight feet away from the table just watching. While sitting there I looked up at the chandelier above the table and started to see streaks that came in the formation of a hall. For a brief moment every thing around me disappeared except the streaks. There were two hands coming slowly towards me like they were welcoming my presents. Then as quickly as they appeared they vanished. I thought it nothing but my imagination so I just forgot about it. Things like â€Å"the hands incident† kept reappearing in a consistent pattern for about three years. Until after the day I saw the last and most disturbing image of them all. The sun was getting ready to set and end a very beautiful day. I was standing outside with my father and his fellow pastor. As I watched the sunset, an image started to appear very clear. It looked like a man walking on the street about t...

Focus on Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Focus on Technology - Essay Example It was later applied in the University of Michigan. It used silver halide emulsions as the recoding medium although the images formed were not very clear. Over the recent years, the technology has been improved through the application of refractive index to alter light transmission. This has also seen development of many types of holograms including transmission and rainbow holograms (Workman 2). Transmission hologram allows light through it but the image is viewed from the side. Rainbow hologram on the other hand is used to serve security purposes on drivers’ licenses and on credit cards. Hologram is set by use of an object, a beam of light and recording medium (Workman 1). The beam of light should be shined on the object so as to cast its image on the recording medium. The environment should be appropriate to allow intersection of light as it enters into the hologram. A mirror is used to direct light to both the recording medium and the object. The beam of light moving to the object is known as the object or illumination beam and the one moving to the recording medium is known as the reference beam (Workman 2). The two set of beams coordinate to produce a clear image onto the medium. The interaction between the two patters gives rise to interference pattern which are now recorded as the virtual image. The recording medium can be made using various materials but the most common one is the photographic film (Workman 2). Some light-reactive grains are added to this film to make it react with the incoming beam of light. This has made it possible to record a higher resol ution compared to that produced by halide materials used in 1960s. Currently, researchers have formed tiny holograms by use of meta-surface. This hologram is able to control light and has advanced sensors, fast information processing and high resolution. Meta-surface is made up of thousands of V-shaped nano-antennas which are made into ultrathin gold foil (Elmorshidy 104). These

Principles of Structural Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Principles of Structural Design - Essay Example Analysis of a structural collapse involves the study of the basic architectural principles, properties and operation of the different components of the structure, as well as knowledge of different possible causes of structural failure. The Seongsu Bridge is 11th bridge constructed over the Han River in Seoul, South Korea. Construction of this cantilever bridge was set about on April 9, 1977 and completed on October 15, 1979, 2 years and 6 months later. It was a four-lane bridge with 19.4m width and 1,160.8m length [20]. It became infamous when it collapsed on October 21, 1994. The bridge collapsed early in the morning when one of its concrete slabs fell in to river due to a failure of the suspension structure. Around 07:40 hours on October 21, 1994, Seongsu Bridge connecting Seongsu-dong and Apgujeong-dong of Gangnam-gu, Seoul, collapsed. The slab (48 m) between the fifth and the sixth leg of the Bridge collapsed so 32 people died and 17 people were injured while they were on the way to office or school. Seongsu Bridge is one part of arterial road that connects the Kanan district which is residential section in the southern in Seoul City and city center of Seoul City, and its has a lot of traffic volume. The steel truss digit division where the accident occurred was the 672m length, and it was one of the suspension digits of the center part. ... In addition, Seongsu Bridge complained that it had been trembling in motion, so the authorities in Seoul City also carried out the repair work of the emergency in the night in accident the previous day. It was said that the traffic jam arose, because especially, it was for commutation attending school hour in the accident-generation, and because the rain fell, the rolling stock was crowded [20]. Cause of collapse: Various reasons can be associated with the collapse of bridge. Major of them are as listed below [19]: Bad welding of the suspension which member of the I-type cross section, which was hanging the suspension digit of the center from the steel truss, seems to be a main cause. There was visibility cutting corners between surface and splice plate of the fillet welding, so construction management and inspection method in the construction of Seongsu Bridge seemed to be remarkably slipshod. Calcium chloride, which was scattered in order to prevent the road surface freezing, chloride ingress was uppued for the cracks by poor weld or stress corrosion, and so that the corrosion of steel product might be promoted. There is a possibility to produce unexpected partial cracks in the steel surface because in the cross-sectional shape of suspension steel product, the cone angle ( the relaxation curved surface ) for easing stress concentration was insufficient. Though there is no error at the content for the design, there was some possibility that the immature construction level was not sufficiently assumed. There were no technical standards on in-service maintenance repair of Seongsu Bridge. Because of the fiscal resource constraint (budget) of Seongsu Bridge while it was in service, the periodic check was

Inter national trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Inter national trade - Essay Example International trade is in principle not different from domestic trade as the motivation and the behavior of parties involved in a trade do not change fundamentally regardless of whether trade is across a border or not. The main difference is that international trade is typically more costly than domestic trade. (Cited from Wikipedia) The reason is that a border typically imposes additional costs such as tariffs, time costs due to border delays and costs associated with country differences such as language, the legal system or culture. Another difference between domestic and international trade is that factors of production such as capital and labor are typically more mobile within a country than across countries. Thus international trade is mostly restricted to trade in goods and services, and only to a lesser extent to trade in capital, labor or other factors of production. (Cited from Wikipedia)Then trade in goods and services can serve as a substitute for trade in factors of produ ction. Question 1 The table obtained from the World Trade Organization in 2010, showed International Trade Statistics-Growth in the volume of world merchandise exports and production 2000-2007. The percentage for world merchandise exports during 2005-2007 was fluctuative, with the highest growth recorded in 2006. Agricultural products started off steadily but suffered a decline in 2007. Fuels and Mining Products were consistent in its growth over that same period. Manufacturers showed its highest growth in 2006, whilst world merchandise production was consistent but showed a marginal increase in 2007. Agriculture was fluctuating similarly to Mining which suffered a nil growth in 2007. Manufacturing was consistent until its marginal increase in 2007. Lastly, the World GDP got a marginal increase over the last two years. Four factors which may have contributed in the growth in world exports include; Industrialization, advanced transportation, globalization and multinational corporatio ns . Industrialization may be defined as the process in which a society or a country transforms itself from a primarily agricultural society into one based on the manufacturing of goods and services. Individual manual labor is replaced by mechanized mass production and craftsmen are replaced by assembly lines. (Industrialization, Anon, 2011) Characteristics of industrialization include the use of technological innovation to maximize production efficiency in order to increase economic growth. The growth of the amount of freight being traded as well as a great variety of origins and destinations promotes the importance of international transportation as a fundamental element supporting the global economy. Economic development in Pacific Asia and in China in particular, has been the dominant factor behind the growth of international transportation in recent years. Since the trading distances involved are often considerable, this has resulted in increasing demands on the maritime shippi ng industry and on port activities. International transportation systems have been under increasing pressures to support additional demands in freights volume and the distance at which this freight is being carried. This could not have occurred without considerable technical improvements permitting to transport larger quantities of passengers and freight, and this

Music Essays Concept of Music

Music Essays Concept of Music Concept of music Journal Entry for Reading The given article clearly describes the concept of music and has helped me in understanding the music. According to my perception regarding the article, Music is a kind of art and environment. It is an art of transcription of sounds in time for creating a continuous, integrated and resonant composition with the assistance of melody, harmony, rhythm and timbre. It is a combination of pleasing and harmonious sounds. It helped me in understanding the basic constituents of a musical composition. I have become able to understand that it is an eminent part of all the living beings. Music has its presence everywhere, in every creature and in different forms. It provides relaxation to the mind. When I feel very tired and I use to hear music. It provides relaxation and energy to my body. Firstly, I was introduced to music at my school. I learned singing as well as playing harmonium at that time. After that, I learned music at a summer camp. My music teacher was surprised with my understanding of music and the abilities of learning music at a faster pace in comparison to my fellows. I really love music and want to become a singer in near future. For the achievement of my goal, I am working hard towards learning the skills. Journal Entry for Music Controversies The genre of music can be classified into two categories, i.e. good or bad. With the assistance of this, the content of the genre of music can be evaluated. Different kinds of music are present world wide in different cultures. Music differs from one culture to another. The different genres of music act as the web around the culture of the respective country. The music videos forecasted on different television channels are not according to the ethical standards of the society. The videos show vulgarity, which puts negative impact on the society. The growing multinational companies in music industry, and the utilization of independent record labels for the survival in the market by these companies has negatively impacted the young listeners. The young listeners are tending towards excessive use of drugs and violence after watching such controversial music records of rap, rock n roll, etc (Dalton, 2008). In the past few years, there is an increase in the listening of rap music by youths in America, which has led to an increase in crimes such as robberies, murders, rapes, etc. The rap music has led to social and political controversies. The critics have suggested proposing laws against such controversial cases and government has implemented security review for warning labels on records. Tupac was a critic of the system. He revealed the critical situations related to the system in his poetry. His work was mainly focusing on the lifestyles of ghetto and social militant engaged in activism. His lyrics were about the problems existing in the society and the conflicts due to racism. The listening of music is fine, but the images displayed on the television and copying them by the youths and children are the controversial aspects of music. Journal Entry for Movies Music plays a significant role in movies. Whether it is a play, drama, or a movie, all of them are incomplete without musical compositions. We can consider the example of the movie ‘Amadeus’ in which a child has a possession to become a famous composer. The life cycle to become a great composer and the twist in life of the hero are shown with very effective combination of musical tracks. The movie shows the courage of the director towards the life of Mozart and becomes successful in producing curiosity in the viewers towards music (Amadeus, 2008). In the movie ‘Dearly Beloved’, spiritual music has been composed by the composer and the movie shows a romantic mixture with musical lyrics. Music is present everywhere from the ancient time and it is integrated to nature. The movie ‘Phantom of the Opera’ is composed with classic silent version of the music, which shows a visual percept for the movie. The movie also presents a musical mystery. The basic requirement of any movie is an effective combination of sound effects with musical compositions. Music composed in the movies is the auditory art form, which can make the movie successful. The creativity of musicians and composers makes the music records successful in the industry. Journal Entry for Music in Puerto Rico African and European formation of music has a great influence on the music of Puerto Rico. It is famous world wide and mostly in the Caribbean region. The music of Puerto Rico has different genres, such as native genres: decimal and seis, and folk music genres: salsa, rock, danza, bomba, plena, etc. Each genre produces different and unique pitch and tone. The musical composers utilize different genres for composing music of movies related to love tragedies, and different stories conveying moral lessons. There are various radio stations in Puerto Rico. Among them, only one radio station carries classical music. The rap and hip hop music genres negatively influence the society. The criminal activities and actions increase in the society. The people will deviate from the cultural values and loose their old traditional roots (Welcome to Puerto Rico, 2008). The music industry of Puerto Rico must have to concentrate on its native and folk music genres instead of external music genres from different countries. The youth should be motivated towards learning classical music and promoting the original music genres of Puerto Rico world wide. The culture of Puerto Rico is mainly shaped by the music. The music of Puerto Rico has evolved out of the combination of other cultures with a distinctive tone of music. Thus, the Puerto Rican music should focus on its traditional music to bind the people and the cultural values in the society, as contemporary music has provided many popular stars like Ricky Martin, Olga Tanon, etc. with name and fame in the world of music. References Amadeus (2008). Retrieved August 23, 2008, from http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0086879/ Dalton, C. (2008). Controversy between Rap Music Society. Retrieved August 23, 2008, from http://www.writing.com/main/view_item/item_id/1320365 Welcome to Puerto Rico (2008). Retrieved August 23, 2008, from http://welcome.topuertorico.org/culture/music.shtml

Animal Testing Discussion Essay -- Ethical Issues, Animal Ethics

The major ancient philosophers, Thomas Aquinas and Rene Descartes, argue that animals lack a moral status because they do not engage in rational thought, are not conscious, and do not behave morally (Wilson, 2001). However, contrary to their beliefs, non-human animals do display the characteristics that Aquinas and Descartes claim qualifies humans for a moral status. In this paper, I will argue that animals should have an equal moral status to that of humans. This is due to the lack of relevant differences between humans and animals in the areas of thinking rationally, having a conscience, and behaving morally. This paper will be organized into three main sections. The first section â€Å"Background Information† will introduce the broader subject of animal ethics. The second section, â€Å"The Argument,† will begin by presenting arguments from philosophers, including Rene Descartes and Thomas Aquinas. In this section, I will discuss why these philosophers refuse to give non-human animals a moral status. Next, I will be supporting the second premise by appealing to recent examples in the animal kingdom, and by referring to arguments from Peter Singer and Robert Garner. Finally, I will conclude in the final section, â€Å"Conclusion,† by asserting that because humans and animals have a lack of relevant differences (with respect to what makes humans moral beings), animals do have a moral status. So, what does the animal ethics issue deal with? First, there are still many problems with the way we treat animals today. It is not an exaggeration, as some say, when animal rights activists point out that humans submit animals to unimaginable atrocities. To test for the safety of a shampoo, for example, rats are subject to ex... ...als may not have exactly the same emotions and interests as humans, but their respective properties must be taken into consideration because every life form must be treated with respect. Finally, as a way to wrap up this paper, I will appeal to a video from Chile that involves a stray dog rescuing a second stray dog (â€Å"Hero Dog†). In this video, a dog spots another dog who had been hit by a car. The dog goes to the middle of the highway and attempts to help the injured dog by using its front paws to drag it to the side of the highway and into safety. The dog had no benefit in helping the second dog. In fact, it put itself in danger because it was crossing a busy highway and could have been hit. Therefore, the dog went above its basic instinct (contrary to Aquinas’s argument that non-human animals act on pure instinct). What can this â€Å"hero† dog’s behavior tell us?